Determination of cobalt and tungsten in human urine by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

Objective: To establish a inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry method for the determination of trace cobalt and tungsten in human urine. Methods: The authors used 1% nitric acid solution as diluent in October-December 2021, the sample dilution factor and internal standard element were optimized by single factor rotation experiment, and the difference between the working curve and the standard curve was compared. Results: The method uses working curve to determine cobalt and tungsten in urine, the linear range of this method was 0.0~10.0 μg/L, the correlation coefficient was 0.999 9, the detection limits respectively were 0.005 μg/L (cobalt) and 0.09 μg/L (tungsten), the recoveries of samples respectively were 87.0%~100.2% (cobalt) and 89.4%~104.8% (tungsten), the relative standard deviations respectively were 0.4%~4.4% (cobalt) and 0.6%~3.8% (tungsten) . Conclusion: A simple and rapid method for determination of cobalt and tungsten in urine has been established. This method has the advantages of simple operation, high sensitivity, low detection limit and good stability. It is suitable for determination of cobalt and tungsten in urine of all kinds of people.

Clinical Features and Outcomes of the Patients with B-Cell Chronic Lymphoproliferative Disease in the New Drug Era / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To analyze the clinical characteristics of the patients with B-cell chronic lymphoproliferative disease（B-CLPD） in the new drug era and the effect of new drug treatment on efficacy and survival.@*METHODS@#The clinical and laboratory data of 200 cases B-CLPD patients diagnosed between April 2015 and August 2021 were analyzed retrospectively. The clinical efficacy and survival of the patients under different treatments including Bruton tyrosine kinase（BTK） inhibitors， rituximab， and chemotherapy alone were analyzed. The prognostic factors affecting the survival of patients were analyzed by univarite analysis and multivariate analysis.@*RESULTS@#There were 119 male（59.5％） and 81 female（40.5%） in 200 cases B-CLPD patients， the sex ratio(male/female) was 1.5∶1 with median age of 61（30- 91） years old. The distribution of subtypes were as fallows: 51 cases (25.5%) of chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma（CLL/SLL）， 64（32.0%） cases of follicular lymphoma（FL）， 40（20.0%） cases mantle cell lymphoma（MCL）， 30（15.0%） cases of marginal zone lymphoma（MZL）， 10（5%） cases of lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma/waldenstrom macroglobulinemia（LPL/WM）， 5（2.5%） cases of B cell chronic lymphoproliferative disorders unclassified（B-CLPD-U） . The main clinical manifestation of 102 patients was lymph node enlargement, 32 cases were complicated with B symptoms. Among CLL/SLL patients， there were 12（23.5%） cases in Binet A and 39（76.5%） cases in Binet B/C. There were 29 patients（20.9%） in Ann Arbor or Lugano stage I-II and 110 cases（79.1%） in stage III-IV of other subtypes. The complete remission（CR） rate was 43.1%（25/58）， 40.2%（39/97）， 7.1%（1/14）， and overaIl response rate（ORR） was 87.9%（51/58）， 62.9%（61/97）， 28.6%（4/14） in the groups of BTK inhibitors， rituximab-based therapy， and chemotherapy alone. The 3-year OS rate and PFS rate in all patients was 79.2% and 72.4% respectively. The 3-year OS rate of patient with MZL, CLL/SLL, FL,WM was 94.7%, 87.7%, 86.8% and 83.3% respectively, while the 3-year OS rate of MCL was only 40.6%, which was significantly lower than other subtypes. The median OS of patients treated with BTK inhibitors and rituximab-based therapy was 20.5 and 18.5 months respectively， and the 3-year OS rate was 97.4% and 90.7%. However， the median PFS of patients receiving chemotherapy alone was 4 months， and the 1-year OS rate was 52.7%， which was statistically significant compared with the other two groups（P<0.05）. Univarite analysis showed that anemia， elevated lactate dehydrogenase， elevated β2-microglobulin， and splenomegaly were the poor prognostic factors for OS（P<0.05）， elevated lactate dehydrogenase was also poor prognostic factors for PFS（P<0.05）. Multifactor analysis showed that anemia and elevated lactate dehydrogenase were the independent poor prognostic factors for survival（P<0.05）.@*CONCLUSION@#The clinical features of B-CLPD was various， anemia and elevated lactate dehydrogenase are the prognostic factors for poor survival. BTK inhibitors and new immunotherapy can improve the survival and prognosis of patients in the new drug era.

One new glycoside naphthopyranone from the Yiling cave-derived Metarhizium anisopliae NHC-M3-2 / 药学学报

Seven compounds were isolated from fermentation extract of cave-derived Metarhizium anisopliae NHC-M3-2 by silica gel, semi-preparative HPLC and other chromatographic methods. Their structures were elucidated by UV, IR, MS and NMR methods as 2,3-dehydroindigotide G (1), (-)-regiolone (2), naphtho-γ-pyrone (3), indigotide G (4), indigotide B (5) destruxin A (6) and destruxin B (7). Compound 1 is a new glycoside naphthopyranone compound. The anti-hepatitis B virus (HBV) activity of these compounds was evaluated. The EC50 and CC50 of compound 3 against HBV were 4.5 μmol·L-1 and 92.3 μmol·L-1, respectively. This is the first report of the antiviral activity of compound 3.

Formulation of a rational dosage regimen of ceftiofur hydrochloride oily suspension by pharmacokineticpharmacodynamic (PK-PD) model for treatment of swine Streptococcus suis infection

Background@#Our previously prepared ceftiofur (CEF) hydrochloride oily suspension shows potential wide applications for controlling swine Streptococcus suis infections, while the irrational dose has not been formulated. @*Objectives@#The rational dose regimens of CEF oily suspension against S. suis were systematically studied using a pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic model method. @*Methods@#The healthy and infected pigs were intramuscularly administered CEF hydrochloride oily suspension at a single dose of 5 mg/kg, and then the plasma and pulmonary epithelial lining fluid (PELF) were collected at different times. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimal bactericidal concentration, mutant prevention concentration (MPC), post-antibiotic effect (PAE), and time-killing curves were determined. Subsequently, the area under the curve by the MIC (AUC 0–24h /MIC) values of desfuroylceftiofur (DFC) in the PELF was obtained by integrating in vivo pharmacokinetic data of the infected pigs and ex vivo pharmacodynamic data using the sigmoid E max (Hill) equation. The dose was calculated based on the AUC 0–24h /MIC values for bacteriostatic action, bactericidal action, and bacterial elimination. @*Results@#The peak concentration, the area under the concentration-time curve, and the time to peak for PELF's DFC were 24.76 ± 0.92 µg/mL, 811.99 ± 54.70 μg·h/mL, and 8.00 h in healthy pigs, and 33.04 ± 0.99 µg/mL, 735.85 ± 26.20 μg·h/mL, and 8.00 h in infected pigs, respectively. The MIC of PELF's DFC against S. suis strain was 0.25 µg/mL. There was strong concentration-dependent activity as determined by MPC, PAE, and the time-killing curves. The AUC 0–24h /MIC values of PELF's DFC for bacteriostatic activity, bactericidal activity, and virtual eradication of bacteria were 6.54 h, 9.69 h, and 11.49 h, respectively. Thus, a dosage regimen of 1.94 mg/kg every 72 h could be sufficient to reach bactericidal activity. @*Conclusions@#A rational dosage regimen was recommended, and it could assist in increasing the treatment effectiveness of CEF hydrochloride oily suspension against S. suis infections.

Active components and action mechanism of Shenmai Injection in treatment of atrial fibrillation based on network pharmacology and molecular docking / 中国中药杂志

This study aims to explore the active components and molecular mechanism of Shenmai Injection in the treatment of atrial fibrillation(AF) based on the application of network pharmacology and molecular docking technology. The chemical components of single herbs of Shenmai Injection were collected from TCMSP and TCMID, with the standard chemical name and PubChem CID(referred to as CID) obtained from PubChem database. The active components were screened using SwissADME, and their targets were predicted using SwissTargetPrediction. Targets related to AF treatment were identified using GeneCards, OMIM, and other databases. Venn diagram was constructed using Venny 2.1 to obtain the intersection targets. The single herb-active component-potential target network was constructed using Cytoscape, and the clusterProfiler R function package was used to perform the gene ontology(GO) and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes(KEGG) pathway enrichment. The protein-protein interaction(PPI) network of intersection targets was generated based on the STRING database. The hub target protein was identified by visualization using Cytoscape, and then docked to its reverse-selected active components. The analysis showed that there were 65 active components with 681 corresponding targets in Shenmai Injection, 2 798 targets related to AF treatment, and 235 intersection targets involving 2 549 GO functions and 153 KEGG pathways. Finally, hub target proteins, including RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase(AKT1), phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha(PIK3 CA), and estrogen receptor 1(ESR1), were screened out by PPI network visualization. The molecular docking was performed for 39 active components screened out in reverse, among which 30 active components de-monstrated high affinity. Among them, homoisoflavanoids CID 10871974, CID 5319742, and CID 10361149 had stronger affinity docking with AKT1. This study preliminarily indicates that Shenmai Injection treats AF through multiple components, multiple targets, and multiple pathways. Homoisoflavonoids of Ophiopogon japonicus are its important active components, which target AKT1 to regulate metabolism, inflammation, and apoptosis in AF treatment.

Attenuating the potential hepatotoxicity of Psoraleae Fructus by pre-processing: the alcohol soaking and water rinsing method / 药学学报

Recently, the hepatotoxicity issue regarding to Psoraleae Fructus (PF) has attracted remarkable concerns, which highlights the urgent need to explore the toxicity attenuation method for PF. In this study, we proposed an alcohol soaking and water rinsing method for pre-processing PF based on the record in the classics - "Lei Gong Pao Zhi Lun", aiming to attenuate the potential hepatotoxicity of PF. The optimal pre-processing methods and parameters were investigated by U*12(108) uniform design coupled with 3D-cultured human-derived liver organoids model and high-content imaging. The results showed that there were significant variations among the hepatotoxicity intensities of different pre-processed PF products. Four factors, including the concentration of alcohol, the ratio of material and alcohol in alcohol soaking, the time of alcohol soaking and the times of water rinsing, were found as independent significant factors (all P<0.01). The optimal pre-process parameters were further predicted and verified as follows: the alcohol concentration is 80%, the times of alcohol soaking is 3, the ratio of alcohol and material of alcohol soaking is 3, the time for alcohol soaking is 30 h, the ratio of water and material of water rinsing is 2, the times of water rinsing is 3, the time water rinsing is 12 h and the time of steaming is 5 h. This research demonstrated that the alcohol soaking and water rinsing method can effectively reduce the potential hepatotoxicity of PF. This method provides a reference for reducing the risk of PF liver injury from the perspective of Chinese medicinal materials pre-processing.

Mesenchymal stem cell therapy for acute respiratory distress syndrome: from basic to clinics

The 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has occurred in China and around the world. SARS-CoV-2-infected patients with severe pneumonia rapidly develop acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and die of multiple organ failure. Despite advances in supportive care approaches, ARDS is still associated with high mortality and morbidity. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based therapy may be an potential alternative strategy for treating ARDS by targeting the various pathophysiological events of ARDS. By releasing a variety of paracrine factors and extracellular vesicles, MSC can exert anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, anti-microbial, and pro-angiogenic effects, promote bacterial and alveolar fluid clearance, disrupt the pulmonary endothelial and epithelial cell damage, eventually avoiding the lung and distal organ injuries to rescue patients with ARDS. An increasing number of experimental animal studies and early clinical studies verify the safety and efficacy of MSC therapy in ARDS. Since low cell engraftment and survival in lung limit MSC therapeutic potentials, several strategies have been developed to enhance their engraftment in the lung and their intrinsic, therapeutic properties. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of the mechanisms and optimization of MSC therapy in ARDS and highlighted the potentials and possible barriers of MSC therapy for COVID-19 patients with ARDS.

Mesenchymal stem cell therapy for acute respiratory distress syndrome: from basic to clinics

The 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has occurred in China and around the world. SARS-CoV-2-infected patients with severe pneumonia rapidly develop acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and die of multiple organ failure. Despite advances in supportive care approaches, ARDS is still associated with high mortality and morbidity. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based therapy may be an potential alternative strategy for treating ARDS by targeting the various pathophysiological events of ARDS. By releasing a variety of paracrine factors and extracellular vesicles, MSC can exert anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, anti-microbial, and pro-angiogenic effects, promote bacterial and alveolar fluid clearance, disrupt the pulmonary endothelial and epithelial cell damage, eventually avoiding the lung and distal organ injuries to rescue patients with ARDS. An increasing number of experimental animal studies and early clinical studies verify the safety and efficacy of MSC therapy in ARDS. Since low cell engraftment and survival in lung limit MSC therapeutic potentials, several strategies have been developed to enhance their engraftment in the lung and their intrinsic, therapeutic properties. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of the mechanisms and optimization of MSC therapy in ARDS and highlighted the potentials and possible barriers of MSC therapy for COVID-19 patients with ARDS.

Mesenchymal stem cell therapy for acute respiratory distress syndrome: from basic to clinics

The 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has occurred in China and around the world. SARS-CoV-2-infected patients with severe pneumonia rapidly develop acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and die of multiple organ failure. Despite advances in supportive care approaches, ARDS is still associated with high mortality and morbidity. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based therapy may be an potential alternative strategy for treating ARDS by targeting the various pathophysiological events of ARDS. By releasing a variety of paracrine factors and extracellular vesicles, MSC can exert anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, anti-microbial, and pro-angiogenic effects, promote bacterial and alveolar fluid clearance, disrupt the pulmonary endothelial and epithelial cell damage, eventually avoiding the lung and distal organ injuries to rescue patients with ARDS. An increasing number of experimental animal studies and early clinical studies verify the safety and efficacy of MSC therapy in ARDS. Since low cell engraftment and survival in lung limit MSC therapeutic potentials, several strategies have been developed to enhance their engraftment in the lung and their intrinsic, therapeutic properties. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of the mechanisms and optimization of MSC therapy in ARDS and highlighted the potentials and possible barriers of MSC therapy for COVID-19 patients with ARDS.

Effect of estradiol valerate on expression of adrenergic rceptors in the preoptic area of hypothalamus of ovariectomized rats / 医学研究生学报

Objective The occurrence of perimenopausal hot flashes involves many theories, among which the study of neurotransmitter mechanism has attracted much attention. This study aims to investigate the changes of α1 and α2 adrenoreceptors in the preoptic area of the hypothalamus(POAH) in ovariectomized rats after 4 weeks treatment with estradiol valerate, and explore the potential neurotransmitter mechanism of perimenopausal hot flashes. Methods 30 female Sprague-Dawley rats, weighing 230±10 g and aged 6-8WK, were divided into three groups: ovariectomy (OVX)group , sham group, and ovariectomy plus estradiol valerate (OVX+E2) group, each 10. Rats in sham-operated group opened pelvic cavity to find ovaries, but did not remove them. The other rats underwent bilateral ovariectomy under sterile conditions. Rats in OVX group and (OVX+E2) group received bilateral ovariectomy, rats in OVX group received isotonic saline gavage (10 mg/kg), and rats in (OVX+E2) group received estradiol valerate gavage (0.8 mg /kg). Anesthesia, cardiac perfusion and paraffin section were made after taking the brain. The expression of α1 and α2 adrenoreceptors in POAH of the rats was detected by immunohistochemistry. Results After 4 weeks’ treatment, the number of α1[(54.0±3.9)/100μm2] and α2[(89.0±2.4)/100μm2] adrenoreceptor positive cells in POAH of OVX group significantly decreased compared with that in sham group[(66.3±4.0)、(71.0±2.2)/100μm2](P<0.01),while the number of α1 and α2 [(63.7±4.5)、(73.1±3.5)/100μm2)] adrenoreceptor positive cells in POAH of（OVX+E2 ）group significantly increased compared with that in OVX group(P<0.01). The difference was statistically significant. Conclusion The expression of two adrenergic receptors in the POAH of ovariectomized rats changed. The central noradrenergic system may be involved in the mechanism of perimenopausal hot flashes,which need further studying.

Effect of Jiawei-Naotai formula on ATF4/CHOP/Puma pathway of ovariectomized rats with cerebral ischemia / 中国病理生理杂志

AIM:To investigate the effects of Jiawei-Naotai formula (JWNTF) on ATF4/CHOP/Puma pathway in hippocampal neurons of ovariectomized female rats with cerebral ischemia.METHODS:The female rats were randomly divided into sham group, model group, JWNTF group and positive control group.The rats, expect in the sham group, were ovariectomized.The rats in each group were intragastric administration 11 days after ovariectomy.The rats in sham group and model group were given a gavage of 0.9％Na Cl, while the rats in other groups were administrated by corresponding therapy intragastrically for 3 d.The regional cerebral ischemia model was established by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) suture method 14 days after ovariectomy.The behaviors of the rats were evaluated 24 h after cerebral ischemia.The mRNA levels of Bax, Bcl-2 and caspase-3 were detected by RT-qPCR, and the protein expression of Bax, Bcl-2, caspase-3, ATF4, CHOP and Puma was determined by Western blot.RESULTS:Compared with sham group, the neurobehavioral scores significantly increased in other groups (P<0.05).Compared with model group, the neurobehavioral scores were significantly decreased in positive control group and JWNTF group (P<0.05).The protein expression of Bax, caspase-3, ATF4, CHOP and Puma, and the mRNA expression of Bax and caspase-3 in the hippocampus were much higher, and Bcl-2 was lower in model group than those in sham group (P<0.05).JWNTF significantly reduced the protein expression of Bax, caspase-3, ATF4 and CHOP, and the mRNA expression of Puma, Bax and caspase-3, and markedly increased the expression of Bcl-2 at mRNA and protein levels compared with model group.CONCLUSION:The JWNTF protects against brain damage induced by cerebral ischemia, which may be related to inhibitiing the expression of ATF4/CHOP/Puma pathway-related molecules at mRNA and protein levels.

miR-494-3p reduces insulin sensitivity in diabetic cardiomyocytes by down-regulation of insulin receptor substrate 1 / 生理学报

More and more evidence suggests that microRNA is widely involved in the regulation of cardiovascular function. Our preliminary experiment showed that miR-494-3p was increased in heart of diabetic rats, and miR-494-3p was reported to be related to metabolism such as obesity and exercise. Therefore, this study was aimed to explore the role of miR-494-3p in diabetic myocardial insulin sensitivity and the related mechanism. The diabetic rat model was induced by high fat diet (45 kcal% fat, 12 weeks) combined with streptozotocin (STZ, 30 mg/kg), and cardiac tissue RNA was extracted for qPCR. The results showed that the level of miR-494-3p was significantly up-regulated in the myocardium of diabetic rats compared with the control (P < 0.05). The level of miR-494-3p in H9c2 cells cultured in high glucose and high fat medium (HGHF) was significantly increased (P < 0.01) with the increase of sodium palmitate concentration, whereas down-regulation of miR-494-3p in HGHF treated cells led to an increase in insulin-stimulated glucose uptake (P < 0.01) and the ratio of p-Akt/Akt (P < 0.05). Over-expression of miR-494-3p in H9c2 cell line significantly inhibited insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and phosphorylation of Akt (P < 0.01). Bioinformatics combined with Western blotting experiments confirmed insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) as a target molecule of miR-494-3p. These results suggest that miR-494-3p reduces insulin sensitivity in diabetic cardiomyocytes by down-regulating IRS1.

Effect of Jiawei Naotaifang on cerebral infarction area and level of estrogen of ovariectomized rats with cerebral ischemia and its correlation / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate the effects of Jiawei Naotaifang on cerebral infarction area, pathological changes of brain tissue and estrogen level of focal cere-bral Iischemia in female ovariectomized rats, and cor-relation between estrogen levels and cerebral infarction area. Methods SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation group, ovariectomized group, cerebral ischemia group,model group,and drug groups(estro-gen group, Jiawei Naotaifang high dose group, Jiawei Naotaifang middle dose group, Jiawei Naotaifang low dose group). The rats in the ovariectomized group, model group, drug groups were ovariectomized, elev-enth days after the ovariectomy. The rats in the drug groups were given intragastric administration for three days. The rats in the model group, cerebral ischemia group and drug groups were prepared for cerebral is-chemia models. Neurological function scores were scored 24 hours after the success of the model, serum levels of estrogen were detected, and the brain was stained with 2, 3, 5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) and hematoxylin-eosin staining(HE), TTC staining was used to measure the area of cerebral in-farction, and HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of brain tissues. Results Com-pared with cerebral ischemia group,cerebral infarction area of rats in the model group increased significantly, the estrogen level was lower and the necrosis and py-knosis of cortical and hippocampus cells of rats in the model group were more obvious. Compared with model group,the cerebral infarction area of rats in the drug groups was reduced,the estrogen levels were elevated, especially in Jiawei Naotaifang high dose group and es-trogen group. The cell morphology of rats,in the estro-gen group,Jiawei Naotaifang high dose group and mid-dle dose group, was improved obviously. Cerebral in-farction area was negatively correlated with the level of estrogen. Conclusions The cerebral infarction area of cerebral ischemia in female ovariectomized rat is signif-icantly correlated with the level of estrogen. Jiawei Naotaifang can reduce the damage and alleviate brain injury of cerebral ischemia in female ovariectomized rats,which may be related to the improvement of estro-gen level.

Value of transesophageal atrial pacing in neonates with tachyarrhythmia / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the value of transesophageal atrial pacing (TEAP) in neonates with tachyarrhythmia.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The clinical data of 26 neonates with tachyarrhythmia who underwent TEAP electrophysiological examination or cardioversion were collected.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of the 26 neonates, 15(58%) were diagnosed with atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia, 3(12%) were diagnosed with sinus tachycardia, 3(12%) were diagnosed with ventricular tachycardia, 2(8%) were diagnosed with fast/slow atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia, 2(8%) were diagnosed with atrial tachycardia, and 1(4%) was diagnosed with sinus tachycardia with ventricular preexcitation. Overdrive suppression was performed for 22 neonates, among whom 18 achieved successful cardioversion, and 2 with atrial tachycardia and 2 with ventricular tachycardia failed to restore sinus rhythm.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>TEAP is helpful to the diagnosis of tachyarrhythmia in neonates and can bring about a high rate of cardioversion success.</p>

Influencing factors on the quality of life and medical coping style of patients with oral cancer / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the influencing factors on the postoperative quality of life and to analyze the coping styles of patients with oral cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 131 oral cancer cases confirmed through diagnostic criteria were investigated to analyze the influencing factors on the quality of life (QOL) and the relationship between coping style and QOL of these patients by using the fourth edition of the University of Washington Quality of Life Questionnaire (UWQOL) and medical coping modes questionnaires (MCMQ), respectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Among the 131 questionnaires collected, only 126 were valid with a recovery rate of 96.18% (126/131). Single factor analysis showed that age, marital status, educational level, other systemic diseases, personal income level, tooth loss, operation times, adjuvant radiotherapy, cancer staging, cervical lymph node dissection, recurrence, and jaw resection yielded different UWQOL scale scores (P<0.05). Multiple regression analysis showed that the loss of teeth, cancer staging, recurrence, and jaw resection yielded statistically significant differences in the total score of UWQOL (P<0.05). Among the coping styles, the average scores of  "confrontation", "avoidance", and "yielding" were 17.54±4.97, 17.79±2.19, and 12.97±5.70, respectively. Compared with the norm, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Correlation analysis showed that "confrontation" and "avoidance" were positively correlated, whereas "yielding" was negatively correlated to QOL (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Age, marital status, educational level, other systemic diseases, personal income level, tooth loss, operation times, adjuvant radiotherapy, cancer staging, cervical lymph node dissection, recurrence, and jaw resection have different effects on the quality of QOL. Tooth loss, cancer staging, recurrence, and jaw resection are the main causative factors affecting the patients' perceived QOL. Personalized treatment and nursing care should be strengthened to improve the coping style and quality of life of patients.</p>

Systematic retrospective study of oral cancer-related quality of life scale / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>The quality of life (QOL) related to oral cancer has recently become a focus of clinical studies. This study aims to systematically review the current research situation of QOL of local and foreign oral cancer patients and explore the existing related problems and future research directions to provide references and solutions.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Through relevant key words, PubMed, Wiley InterScience, Science Direct, CNKI, and Wanfang databases were first searched. The related target literature from 2000 to 2017 were screened. Finally, the frequency of oral cancer related to QOL scale used in literature was calculated, and the related scales were briefly introduced.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>From the target literature, 218 English target literature, 55 Chinese target literature, 24 English scales, and 12 Chinese scales were selected. The most widely used scales for assessing the QOL of patients with oral cancer were as follows: University of Washington Quality of Life Questionnaire (UW-QOL), European Organization for the Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30/Head and Neck 35 (EORTC QLQ-C30/H&N35), 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36), Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Head and Neck (FACT-H&N), and Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The QOL related to oral cancer was well underway, and the study of geographical distribution was widespread. However, the work on self-developed scale remains inadequate. UW-QOL, EORTC QLQ-C30/H&N35, and FACT-H&N can be utilized as the preferred scales for evaluating the QOL of oral cancer patients. A specific disease-related function scale can also be selected according to specific research objectives.</p>

Effect of Jiawei Naotaifang on Activation of Extracellular Signal-regulated Kinase 1/2 and c-Jun N-terminal Kinase in Ovariectomized Rats after Cerebral Ischemia / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective To investigate the effect of Jiawei Naotaifang on neuronal apoptosis and the mechanism in ovariectomized rats with cerebral ischemia. Methods Female Sprague-Dawley rats(n=40)were randomly divided into sham group(n=10),model group(n=10),es-trogen group(n=10)and Jiawei Naotaifang group(n=10).The model group,estrogen group and Jiawei Naotai-fang group were ovariectomized.Eleven days after ovariectomy,the estrogen group and Jiawei Naotaifang group were given estrogen and Jiawei Naotaifang respectively intragastrically for three days.14 days after ovariecto-my,the model group,estrogen group and Jiawei Naotaifang group were modeled cerebral ischemia with Langa's method.24 hours after modeling,the apoptosis rate of neurons was detected with TUNEL,and the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2(ERK1/2)and c-Jun N-terminal kinase(p-JNK)in hippocampus were de-tected with Western blotting. Results Compared with the model group, the apoptosis rates decreased in Jiawei Naotaifang group and the estrogen group(P<0.001),with more activation of ERK1/2(P<0.01)and less activation of JNK(P<0.01). Conclusion Jiawei Naotaifang can protect neuron from apoptosis by promoting the activation of ERK1/2 and inhibiting the activation of p-JNK.

Effect of xeroderma pigmentosum group D gene on proliferation of hu-man umbilical arterial smooth muscle cells induced by Ox-LDL / 中国病理生理杂志

AIM:To investigate the effects of xeroderma pigmentosum group D ( XPD) gene on the prolifera-tion of human umbilical arterial smooth muscle cells ( HUASMCs) induced by oxidized low-density lipoprotein ( Ox-LDL) . METHODS:The recombinant plasmid pEGFP-N2/XPD was transfected into HUASMCs by liposome .The cells were di-vided into blank control group , pEGFP-N2 group, pEGFP-N2/XPD group, Ox-LDL group, Ox-LDL+pEGFP-N2 group and Ox-LDL+pEGFP-N2/XPD group.The proliferation rate of the cells was detected by MTT and EdU assays .The apop-totic rate and cell cycle distribution were analyzed by flow cytometry .The protein levels of XPD, caspase-3, Bcl-2 and Bax were determined by Western blot .RESULTS:Compared with blank control group , the expression of XPD was increased in pEGFP-N2/XPD group (P<0.05).According to the results of MTT and EdU assays , the cell proliferation in pEGFP-N2/XPD group was reduced compared with blank control group (P<0.05).Compared with Ox-LDL group, the cell prolifera-tion in Ox-LDL+pEGFP-N2/XPD group was significantly inhibited (P<0.05).According to the results of flow cytome-try, the cell proportion of S phase decreased and the G 0/G1-phase cell proportion increased significantly in pEGFP-N2/XPD group and Ox-LDL+pEGFP-N2/XPD group compared with blank control group and Ox-LDL group, repectively (P<0.05).Compared with blank control group and Ox-LDL group, the protein level of Bcl-2 decreased and the protein levels of Bax and cleaved caspase-3 increased in pEGFP-N2/XPD group and Ox-LDL +pEGFP-N2/XPD group, respectively (P<0.05).CONCLUSION:XPD inhibits the proliferation of HUASMCs and promotes their apoptosis , and reduces the promoting effect of Ox-LDL on the proliferation of HUVSMCs .XPD may be the target for treatment of atherosclerosis .

Evaluation of CBCT in adjuvant treatment of adolescent obstructive sleep apnea syndrome / 中国生化药物杂志

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of snoring machine plus traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of young patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Methods 60 cases of young patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome were included in the study, using snoring machine plus traditional Chinese medicine treatment. The nighttime polysomnography (PSG) was used to check the minimum oxygen saturation, the number of apnea, and the AHI. CT examination of patients before and after treatment of oropharynx, nasopharynx and throat cross-sectional area; evaluation of the two groups of clinical efficacy. Results After the treatment, the total effective rate was 91.67 % (55/60). The number of apnea and AHI were (25.02±3.88) and (15.68±6.47) / h respectively, which were significantly lower than those in the control group (32.17±5.78)、(81.47±10.66)% was significantly higher than that before treatment (60.22±12.52)%,(P<0.05), and the lowest blood oxygen saturation (P<0.05) was significantly higher than that before treatment (26.55±8.29) times / h and P<0.05. (3.69±0.22) cm2, (4.23±0.39) cm2, (3.82±0.68) cm2, respectively, which was significantly higher than that before treatment (2.09±0.17) cm2, and the area of oropharynx, nasopharynx and throat were (3.69±0.22) (3.78±0.28) cm2, (3.17±0.49) cm2(P<0.05). Conclusion The use of snoring machine plus traditional Chinese medicine treatment of young obstructive sleep apnea syndrome effect is remarkable, it is worth promoting.

Effect of hand hygiene comprehensive intervention on incidence of pediatric healthcare-associated infection / 中国感染控制杂志

Objective To explore the effect of 5M1E quality analysis tool-based hand hygiene(HH) comprehensive intervention measures on pediatric healthcare-associated infection(HAI).Methods HH status of 29 health care workers(HCWs) in the pediatric department of a hospital was monitored, April-June 2015 was baseline survey stage, 5M1E quality analysis tool was adopted to analyze various factors affecting the compliance rate of pediatric HH, intervention measures began to be taken in June 2015, and compared with HH in July 2015-March 2016.The occurrence of HAI between July 2014-March 2015 and July 2015-March 2016 was compared.Results HH compliance rate of HCWs increased from 30.86% in April-June 2015 to 81.94% in January-March 2016;HH correct rate increased from 68.14% to 93.75%;HH compliance rate and correct rate of HCWs gradually increased(X2=2 608.626, 630.798,respectively, both P<0.001).Qualified rate of detection of HCWs' HH sampling increased from 20.69% in April-June 2015 to 89.66% in January-March 2016(X2=31.957,P<0.001).Incidence of HAI decreased from 7.74% in July 2014-March 2015 to 3.62% in July 2015-March 2016(X2=46.717,P<0.001).Conclusion Application of 5M1E quality analysis tool in the investigation, analysis, and comprehensive intervention in HCWs' HH in pediatric department has greatly enhanced HCWs' HH compliance rate, and reduced the incidence of HAI in pediatric patients.